4 Build scenarios
Objectives of this section
to provide you a good comprehension of the different types of scenarios;
to help you to identify the useful methods to be used in the context of your case study;
to support you in terms of technical development of scenarios by providing concrete tools and examples.
This section deals with the way to build scenarios in support to environmental management. Most of its content is extracted from the scenario guideline developed under the VALMER project [Herry et al., 2013]. The examples are mainly selected among the VALMER sites experience. Some others are examples available in other literature references. In that case, the original sources are always mentioned.
Section outline
4 BUILD SCENARIOS Section coordination by M. Philippe11, J. Ballé-Béganton11 and D. Bailly11 based on written contributions from J. Herry7, W. Dodds9, M. Philippe11 and A. Winder3
4.1 Scenarios, a tool to anticipate and consider the future
4.1.1 What do we mean by “scenarios”?
4.1.2 Different types of scenarios
4.1.2.1 Exploratory scenario: What might happen?
4.1.2.2 Normative scenario: How can a specific target be reached?
4.1.2.3 Predictive scenario: what will happen?
4.2 Building scenarios, why and how?
4.2.1 PHASE 1: Illustrating the system being studied including natural processes and human activities
4.2.2 PHASE 2: Identifying drivers of change in the case study ecosystem
4.2.3 PHASE 3: Establishing the key variables and associating them to explore and build the scenarios
4.2.4 PHASE 4: Selecting and developing the format of the scenarios with stakeholders
4.2.5 PHASE 5: Using scenarios to create discussion on management options
4.2.6 In brief: List of tools that can be used for each phase of the scenario building process
4.3 Toolbox for scenario building
4.3.1 Interviews with stakeholders and/or experts
4.3.2 Stakeholders matrix
4.3.3 BRAINSTORMING
4.3.4 DELPHI
4.3.5 REGNIER’S ABACUS
4.3.6 TOOLS TO REPRESENT THE SYSTEM, PRESENT AND COMBINE INFORMATION, SYNTHESIZE KNOWLEDGE
4.3.7 ARDI METHOD
4.3.8 DPSIR
4.3.9 PESTLE AND MATRICES TO CLASSIFY THE POSSIBLE CHANGES
4.3.10 BAYESIAN ANALYSIS
4.3.11 BACKCASTING
4.3.12 INVEST